Free Essays on Triangle Shirt Waste Factory

The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire In 1911 a fire that broke out in The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory that finished in the passing of 146 youthful workers. Huge numbers of these workers were youthful Jewish ladies that were locked in to be hitched. This disastrous occasion was expected to the company’s poor working conditions constraining numerous individuals in little working environments with not many ways out. Anyway in this fire there was a larger number of issues than only a couple of number of ways out the businesses that day chose to secure the entryways dread that the young ladies would take organization materials and leave during working hours on account of this the an enormous number of laborers died in the fire. The proprietors, Isaac Harris and Max Blanck, were gone after for homicide yet were vindicated in 1914. This fire grabbed the eye of legislators and associations that saw the need to control wellbeing in the work environment. From this appalling disaster shaped American Labor Unions and work la ws that changed the wellbeing and security conditions in the work environment. The New York lawmaking body made a commission called The Factory Commission of 1911, lead to the making of the Fire Prevention division as a component of the Fire Department. Thusly the local group of fire-fighters made limitations to keep fires from occurring and to forestall the blockage of departure courses. Different limitations were made, for example, necessitating that all entryways stay opened during working hours, entryway must open internal, sprinkler frameworks must be introduced, and representatives must be training ablaze douser wellbeing. Numerous different ramifications were made in which, the United States Department of Labor grouped this arrangement of gauges as the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) guidelines. After New York assembly instituted wellbeing laws state the country over started to stick to this same pattern. Laborers started to arrange and frame associations so they could voice there assessments of wellbeing concerns, security, and different needs. Over this fire unavoidably lead to the guide of the worke... Free Essays on Triangle Shirt Waste Factory Free Essays on Triangle Shirt Waste Factory The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire In 1911 a fire that broke out in The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory that finished in the passing of 146 youthful representatives. A considerable lot of these workers were youthful Jewish ladies that were locked in to be hitched. This appalling occasion was expected to the company’s poor working conditions driving numerous individuals in little work environments with hardly any ways out. Anyway in this fire there was a greater number of issues than only a couple of number of ways out the businesses that day chose to secure the entryways dread that the young ladies would take organization materials and leave during working hours on account of this the an enormous number of laborers died in the fire. The proprietors, Isaac Harris and Max Blanck, were gone after for homicide however were absolved in 1914. This fire grabbed the eye of government officials and associations that saw the need to control wellbeing in the working environment. From this awful catastrophe framed American Lab or Unions and work laws that changed the wellbeing and security conditions in the work environment. The New York lawmaking body made a commission called The Factory Commission of 1911, lead to the making of the Fire Prevention division as a feature of the Fire Department. Thusly the local group of fire-fighters made limitations to keep fires from occurring and to forestall the blockage of break courses. Different limitations were made, for example, necessitating that all entryways stay opened during working hours, entryway must open internal, sprinkler frameworks must be introduced, and representatives must be instruction ablaze douser security. Numerous different ramifications were made in which, the United States Department of Labor grouped this arrangement of principles as the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) gauges. After New York assembly sanctioned wellbeing laws state the country over started to take action accordingly. Laborers started to sort out and str ucture associations so they could voice there assessments of wellbeing concerns, security, and different needs. Over this fire definitely lead to the guide of the worke...

Humanities are not useless Essay

Humanities are the subjects, for example, history, theory, and writing which are worried about human thoughts and practices. This is just a general thought. The more profound importance of contemplating humanities is that it is a scholastic way to deal with understanding individuals better, an approach to empower us to grow better through four years college life as well as in one’s whole life. A few people may state that humanities are futile on the grounds that individuals can't bring in extensive cash with them. Nonetheless, that isn't reality. When somebody has understood the benefit of considering humanities, this will be valuable for their life. I study humanities since I trust I will pick up a lot of implications of life through the learning procedure. A great many people believe that humanities are pointless, my mom is one of those individuals. She is continually asking me that for what good reason would you burn through our cash and your time on such pointless stuff. Notwithstanding, my dad doesn't think along these lines, he accepts that everything has its own worth, even humanities. For this situation, I firmly concur with my dad. The motivation behind why my mom believes that humanities are futile is that individuals can't earn substantial sums of money with them; the occupations identified with humanities are not generously compensated. As a matter of fact this is a speculation which individuals have regularly. By and by, individuals who think so aren't right. The fact of the matter is inverse. As per the article â€Å"Liberal Arts and the Advantages of Being Useless†, the writer clarifies that even individuals with Liberal Arts degree have practically a similar possibility as different majors to wind up taking in substantial income. In spite of the fact that humanities are pointless for maximal one’s pay following graduation, and bring a marginally more serious danger of joblessness following graduation, there is acceptable proof that Liberal Arts majors will in general win more significant compensations by midcareer. Furthermore, life is short, and it ought not be about cash. There are other impalpable things to seek after. â€Å"There are exercises to be gained from the humanities that were not accessible anyplace else† said by Julia T. Cadenhead(2001). As per the Syllabus of ACMA01, courses in humanities investigate such essential inquiries as how we use language, how our thoughts and musings on the human experience are communicated and deciphered, how we decide benefit of importance, how we characterize thoughts, for example, †truth† â€Å"beauty†, and â€Å"arts†. They think about thoughts regarding importance of life, the explanations behind our musings and activities, and the qualities and rules that educate our laws, standards and customs those composed and unwritten. In contrast to science, there are not standard responses to these inquiries. Moreover, various individuals experienced childhood in various conditions, they have different societies, foundations, and dialects. Contemplating humanities make individuals think in various manners and experience an excursion that they have never taken. Likewise, individuals who are considering humanities are getting increasingly far reaching and sympathetic about one’s self and one’s network. Not quite the same as different subjects, for example, medication and law which make individuals valuable for explicit purposes, humanities improve individuals residents. During the learning procedure, individuals increase personal developments since contemplating humanities can make individuals think important inquiries that some way or another change people’s life positively. For instance, numerous detainees don't have religions before they go to jail, however a portion of these individuals are found through religions. At the point when they are learning religions as well as contemplating humanities all in all, they reflect what they have done. They can tell the rights from wrongs. They are getting better. After they are discharged from jail, they act well, they become helpful residents. This is helpful for both society and people. Humanities are not pointless. They can bring in you acquire impressive cash; they can make you increase personal developments; they can make you question things that may transform you. When somebody has found the benefit of examining humanities, their life will change. Reference: Jones, Nichlaos. â€Å"Liberal Arts, and the Advantages of Being Useless. † Academia. edu. n. p. n. d. Web. 5 Sept. 2013.

Free Glass Menagerie Essays: The Characters’ Weaknesses and Strengths :: Glass Menagerie essays

The Characters' Weaknesses and Strengths in The Glass Menagerie   In a meeting, Tennessee Williams once stated, I have consistently been progressively keen on making a character that contains something disabled... They have a specific appearance of delicacy, these psychotic individuals I expound on, yet they are extremely solid. In Tennessee Williams' The Glass Menagerie, the qualities and shortcomings of the characters is the focal point of the play.   There have been a few pundits who have raised intriguing focuses concerning this subject. Pundit Judith J. Thompson takes the position that Amanda's encapsulation of 'The Great Mother' is blinded by her shortcoming of an unreasonable world (p. 17). She expresses that Amanda's character is comprised of the Good Mother, the Terrible Mother, the alluring youthful witch, and the honest virgin (Thompson 17). She underpins her hypothesis with the episode where Amanda says that she had seventeen noble men guests in a single day. Thompson proceeds to state that the misrepresentation of the quantity of Amanda's beaux reviews fantasy and legends of sentiment in which the princess is ambushed by admirers until the perfect knight or ruler returns (17). Here, Thompson shows that Amanda's shortcoming is living in a kind of dream world which overpowers her expectations of being an Extraordinary Mother (Thompson 17).   A subsequent pundit, Joseph K. Davis, takes the position that Laura's shortcoming overwhelms her capacity to be delicate. Davis partitions the emotional example of The Glass Menagerie into two sections. Some portion of the example is the sensation of people by a showcase of their divided, tormented brain sciences (Davis 192). He states in his investigation of The Glass Menagerie: His [Tom's] sister Laura attempts to embrace current circumstances, however her injured body and terrible possibilities in the secretarial school defeated her delicate sensibilities (194). Davis infers that, as Amanda, Laura's shortcoming expends her capacity to live actually and her reasonableness, her one quality.   A third pundit, Tom Scanlan takes the position that Tom's shortcoming is overwhelmed by his quality. Tom is effectively entangled and convinced into circumstances that he might possibly need to be which debilitates his character however his quality is more prominent than this shortcoming. The pundit expresses that the return of Tom as storyteller power the peruser back to the present (Scanlan 99). He shows the peruser that Tom's quality is the capacity to stay in contact with the real world. Free Glass Menagerie Essays: The Characters’ Weaknesses and Strengths :: Glass Menagerie articles The Characters' Weaknesses and Strengths in The Glass Menagerie   In a meeting, Tennessee Williams once stated, I have consistently been increasingly keen on making a character that contains something injured... They have a specific appearance of delicacy, these masochist individuals I expound on, yet they are extremely solid. In Tennessee Williams' The Glass Menagerie, the qualities and shortcomings of the characters is the focal point of the play.   There have been a few pundits who have raised fascinating focuses concerning this subject. Pundit Judith J. Thompson takes the position that Amanda's epitome of 'The Great Mother' is blinded by her shortcoming of an unreasonable world (p. 17). She expresses that Amanda's character is comprised of the Good Mother, the Terrible Mother, the enticing youthful witch, and the honest virgin (Thompson 17). She underpins her hypothesis with the episode wherein Amanda says that she had seventeen refined men guests in a single day. Thompson proceeds to state that the misrepresentation of the quantity of Amanda's beaux reviews fantasy and legends of sentiment in which the princess is ambushed by admirers until the perfect knight or sovereign returns (17). Here, Thompson shows that Amanda's shortcoming is living in a kind of dream world which overpowers her expectations of being an Incredible Mother (Thompson 17).   A subsequent pundit, Joseph K. Davis, takes the position that Laura's shortcoming overwhelms her capacity to be delicate. Davis separates the emotional example of The Glass Menagerie into two sections. Some portion of the example is the performance of people by a showcase of their divided, tormented brain sciences (Davis 192). He states in his examination of The Glass Menagerie: His [Tom's] sister Laura attempts to embrace current circumstances, yet her disabled body and dismal possibilities in the secretarial school conquered her delicate sensibilities (194). Davis suggests that, as Amanda, Laura's shortcoming expends her capacity to live in actuality and her reasonableness, her one quality.   A third pundit, Tom Scanlan takes the position that Tom's shortcoming is overwhelmed by his quality. Tom is handily ensnared and convinced into circumstances that he might possibly need to be which debilitates his character yet his quality is more noteworthy than this shortcoming. The pundit expresses that the return of Tom as storyteller power the peruser back to the present (Scanlan 99). He shows the peruser that Tom's quality is the capacity to stay in contact with the real world.

Functions of the Heart Essays - Anatomy, Circulatory System

Elements of the Heart By: Gabby Bouthot Creation I S. Redmond September 13, 2017 Paper 1 The Functions of the Heart The normal pace of a heart beat is seventy-two times each moment, in only one day the heart pulsates over a hundred thousand times yet what a few people don't know is the mind boggling functions that go into this little, clench hand measured muscle. Seeing how the heart functions isn't as muddled as some would might suspect, elements of the heart start with the pneumonic circuit, at that point the fundamental circuit , and the procedures that these segments of the heart preform can occur through the intensity of the siphon. Blood courses through two pathways in the heart, the pneumonic circuit and the foundational circuit. The pneumonic circuit is the pathway from the heart to the lungs, where the deoxygenated blood becomes oxygenated. Blood is siphoned all through the heart through a procedure called cardiovascular cycle. Blood that has been drained of oxygen enters the heart through two enormous veins called the vena cava and enters the correct chamber. The electrical driving forces in the heart siphon the blood down into the correct ventricle through the procedure of cardiovascular conduction. Once in the correct ventricle, on the following withdrawal the oxygen drained blood is conveyed of the ventricle and to the lungs through the pneumonic course. In the lungs the blood becomes oxygenated, when this procedure is finished the oxygen-rich blood is shipped into the left chamber by means of the aspiratory veins. At the point when the heart contracts again blood is siphoned down to one side ventricle. The now oxygen rich blood leaves the le ft ventricle through the aorta. This sends the blood through the fundamental circuit which is the way toward sending oxygenated blood to the remainder of the body through major and minor veins . The heart can siphon blood through these circuits through a procedure of contracting and loosening up the heart muscle. Systole alludes to the constriction part of the procedure while diastole alludes to the unwinding in this succession. This procedure of heart withdrawals is coordinated by the sensory system. The vagus nerve invigorates the SA hub or the pacemaker of the heart which is situated in the upper mass of the correct chamber. The group of cardiovascular muscle be tween the atria and ventricles, the atrioventricular hub, defers the electrical signals before entering the ventricles so the atria contracts before the ventricles do . At the point when the atria contr acts it sends motivation to the Bundle of His, which sends a drive to the ventricle dividers causing a compression. The heart endeavors to continue siphoning and a great deal goes in to this little muscle so as to keep an individual alive. Consistently the heart siphons 1.5 gallons of blood to keep the body stable and in working condition. Keeping the heart sound will permit these individual capacities to keep working, as they should.

Can you pass SIPAs Econ 101 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Can you pass SIPAs Econ 101 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog As the start of the fall semester  draws nearer, I thought it would be useful for everyone  to sample SIPAs  quantitative  curriculum. Our former PA  Dario Martinez, MIA 15, ran with the idea, and we developed a brief quiz of the material that was covered in his economics classes. This quiz serves two purposes: it hints that the curriculum may be challenging and that incoming students might want to take the free math tutorial; and it  reminds  prospective students of the importance that is placed on strong quantitative abilities so they can better tailor their applications to SIPA (taking additional coursework, performing well on standardized tests, etc.). Just  keep in mind this is a sample quiz taken from several courses at SIPA, and it should not be used as the only measurement of your abilities. (In other words, have fun with it!)** Even if you dont do very well on this sample quiz, thats OK. Every summer SIPA offers an Online Summer Math Tutorial for incoming students, and then those concepts are reinforced during in-person sessions at orientation. And yes, to get the most out of your experience at SIPA, its  always  recommended that you  enroll in the Online Summer Math Tutorial. (All  incoming students received details via email on June 15, 2015.) Before you take the sample quiz, read what Dario had to say about his economics classes at SIPA: SIPA’s rigorous academic curriculum was one of the key aspects that attracted me to the program.  Although stressful and daunting at times, I was able to overcome this challenge through perseverance, hard work, and by taking advantage of the academic support available at SIPA (e.g. tutoring, office hours, and recitations). I was also very happy that I reviewed the Summer Math Tutorial material prior to starting my first year. The math tutorial definitely helped prepare me for my economics and finance classes.  I still remember sitting in my Economic Analysis I and II classes and recalling the concepts I learned in the math tutorial as Dr. Emanuele Guerratana and Dr. Andrea Bubula were discussing them in their lectures. They were definitely two of the best professors I have ever had because they both pushed me to develop a deeper understanding of the topics, while making the learning experience both engaging and fun. Their problem sets and tests definitely required that you applied the concepts learned in class to find the solution to real-life situations. Interestingly, the solutions were not always intuitive and that is why you often needed to use a mathematical approach to finding the answer. While reminiscing on these classroom experiences, I realize how much I learned and how fortunate I was to have access to some of the best professors in the world. Thus, I prepared a small quiz to challenge our new SIPA students. (I wanted to see how they would answer similar questions to the ones I did in class.) Regardless of their concentration, I think this small quiz will provide all incoming students with a better understanding of the topics covered in class and the importance of the math camp. I used the materials that were covered in my first-year classes to prepare these questions. Don’t get discouraged if you can’t answer some of these questions correctly because you’ll cover all of the material in your classes, including the math tutorial. Let’s see how you do in this 10-item questionnaire! Click here to take it, and then share your comments on social media.** Dario Martinez, MIA 15 **UPDATE: It seems the quiz platform isnt calculating test results. Click here to download the answer key to compare your responses to the correct answers.

The Centrality of Tiresias in The Waste Land - Literature Essay Samples

T.S. Eliot’s The Waste Land presents a multitude of fragmented depictions of character, voice and dialogue, which combine to create the overall sense of disorientation within the poem. Despite this pervading lack of stability, the poem continues to succeed as a united whole; from some source in the text, a growing sense of unification and constancy develops. Arguably, Tiresias is this source: his position in the poem is not that of mere spectator, but a disconnection that assigns him almost omniscient authority, rising above the other voices with a tone of certainty, and thus providing a balance to the otherwise dislocated atmosphere. On a superficial level it could be viewed that Tiresias as a figure in The Waste Land is undercut by his limited appearance in the sequence of poems, the first view the reader is given of the prophet being in the middle of ‘The Fire Sermon’. Yet Eliot’s placement of Tiresias at almost the exact half way point is revealing of his value: structurally, Tiresias appears to be a transitional and bridging figure, perhaps representative of a turning point in thought for Eliot and, as in a five-act tragedy, and his brief appearance could thus highlight Tiresias as a pivotal character. Most prominently, his appearance paves the way to the essential resolution of the poem, in ‘What the Thunder said’- arguably his presence shifts the pace of the poem, and although this initially catalyses the breakdown of the speakers’ language in The Fire Sermon, it eventually leads to the pared down coherence of Eliots various reflections on the conclusive vocalisation, ‘Da’. He seemingly purges the overarching anguished voice of the poem, as indicated by the disintegration of language from lines 301 and 346, allowing Eliot to rebuild the text up to the summit of the instructing final section. Thus Tiresias seems to become the transitional figure that permits Eliot to refigure the ‘heap of broken images’ of The Burial of the Dead in his mind, even if by ‘What the Thunder said’ he has only managed to ‘shore (them) against his ruin’; it still appears that Tiresias has allowed for progression, in the speaker’s resolve to seemingly reclaim these disjointed ideas, images and emotions which litter the text. Similarly, while a prominent source of dissolution in The Waste Land seems to be Eliot’s presentation of the relations between man and woman, typified in ‘The Fire Sermon’ by the clerk’s ‘assault’ and siege of the typist, Tiresias’ presence and first-person control of the narrative paradoxically unifies both the male and female elements in the poem. Tiresias, as a mythological figure, has lived in male and female bodies and consequently feels himself to be ‘throbbing between two lives’, the word echoing from the life-affirming desire earlier in the poem, throbbing waiting. This transgender and sexual connection allows him to oversee the ‘game of chess’ played between man and woman, having ‘foresuffered all/ Enacted on this same divan or bed’, and experience the suffering between man and woman on a universal, all-encompassing scale. Tiresias’ descriptions of the typist, for example, ‘bor ed and tired’, ‘alone’, ‘automatic’ are meticulously balanced against those of the clerk, whose actions are ‘undesired’ and who expects no more than ‘indifference’. In this way, his observations highlight the dissatisfaction experienced on both sides, and perhaps, therefore, encourages the reader to view this interaction, and that of man and woman in ‘A Game of Chess,’ in a more detached, less gender-driven way. A unifying effect is thus created by Tiresias’ voice, as the male and female characters are aligned by his observations, and the transcendent, objective view he seems to advocate. The sonnet form woven by Eliot into ‘The Fire Sermon’, from lines 235-248, lifts Tiresias voice into a knowing satire: the romantic poetic form is inverted and misused to convey something vulgar and abusive instead. The beauty and regularity of the form highlights the corruption in their relationship, and th e sense of resolution which he represents is emphasised, as ‘And I Tiresias have foresuffered all’ appropriately falls on the volta, and Tiresias mercifully draws back from the consummation of the scene. The failure to sustain a rhyming couplet at the end demonstrates the collapse of the sonnet, and Tiresias’ recognition of its ironic unsuitability for the incident described, rendered more poignant by the emphatic ellipses. In this way, Tiresias’ significance is highlighted by his judgmental position in the poem, and by consequence, the characters which seem ‘below’ him, lose their distinction, and seem to merge into one. Furthermore, Tiresias’ omniscience as an oracle allows for his significant, connective role in the text. Deep in his sordid account of the typist and clerk, Tiresias breaks off from the ruthless depiction to state that he has ‘foresuffered all’ and has ‘walked among the lowest of the dead’. Here, Tiresias suddenly lifts the reader above the intimate view of their dreary union, instead addressing human suffering on a philosophical scale. Eliot’s use of the word ‘all’, could truly be viewed as encompassing everything here; as a prophet he perceives and understands all, paralleling his witnessing of this little private folly to the tragic scale of when he ‘sat by Thebes below the wall’, recalling the ignorant lust which turned it, too, into a waste land. It is suggested that the disillusioned Tiresias knows the secrets of ‘the waste land’ both of the past and future, and can thus see his way out of it. Perhap s, then, the figure of Tiresias is representative of the internalised power which the poet possesses, to progress from the personal emotional ‘waste land’ which Eliot is often interpreted as facing in The Fire Sermon. Indeed, while his memory of being ‘among the lowest of the dead’ reflects the nihilistic mood of The Waste Land, the insistence of his pluperfect verbs ‘have foresuffered’ and ‘have sat’ emphasise that Tiresias eventually has progressed, bridging the gap between past suffering and future resolution, thus unifying the fragments of the text and offering Eliot a promise of resolution in the final two poems. Thus Tiresias’ importance as a character in the poem is arguably most clearly conveyed by the recurrent image of ‘the violet hour’ in which he is set. This motif opens the first stanza Tiresias narrates in ‘The Fire Sermon’, an image alluding to twilight, a transitional period between day and night, and therefore symbolic of the figure of Tiresias himself. ‘The violet hour’ is a liminal space, a bridge between two points of time and indeed Tiresias embodies this transformative time period; his form flits between male and female, and his mind’s eye between past and future. This emphasises Tiresias as the key figure in the poem: he is the only character who seems to have access to this transitional space; he is not stagnating in the elemental settings of The Burial of the Dead or Death by Water, or the claustrophobic inner spaces of A Game of Chess. He both perceives and embodies the liminal space of progress and so Eliot, emphasisin g through his use of anaphora and pleonasm, writes that Tiresias can see ‘the violet hour, the evening hour’: fate, the driving force of inevitability that powers our world. Tiresias can see the end of ‘the waste land’ whatever it may be, a twilight role that permits him to transcend the cacophony of fragments and voices in the poem, giving the reader a new perspective on the collective voice of ‘the waste land’. In ‘What the Thunder Said’, this violet imagery returns, in a destructive, but paradoxically restorative scene: ‘Cracks and reforms and bursts in the violet air’. The polysendetic, emphatic phrasing evokes a potent image of a simultaneously explosive and reconstructive scene, with the hope of ‘the city over the mountains’ seemingly implying the future escape from the waste land. In this way, Tiresias’ intrinsic link to the violet imagery underlines his transformative significance to the poe m, and his status as a unifying figure: ‘the violet hour’ which Tiresias represents summons the essential hint of resolution in the text, supplying it with a final, though implicit sense of fusion and restoration. Perhaps above all, Tiresias’ significance lies in the argument that his prophetic sight makes up the matter of the poem, as conveyed in Eliot’s notes: ‘What Tiresias sees, in fact, is the substance of the poem’. His vision is the singular source of all the many fragmented voices and characters, whose dialogue, thoughts and memories are conveyed; indeed, this transcendent sight is what allows the many characters to ‘melt into’ one another, creating a unifying effect. When viewed in this manner, it appears as if the entirety of the poem is the prophecy of Tiresias- therefore, it could be argued that he is the overall speaker throughout. Certainly, Tiresias is the sole personage in the poem who appears to be self-aware, as demonstrated through the repeated ‘I Tiresias’, especially when juxtaposed with the almost babbling monologues of the other characters such as ‘Marie’ in ‘The Burial of the Dead’, who is ev en only named indirectly: ‘and he said, â€Å"Marie, hold on tight†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. Similarly, the distinctive use of parentheses to pinpoint Tiresias’ reflections seems to elevate them from the surrounding narrative, highlighting the authority of his ‘seeing’ in comparison to the activity of other characters. However, Eliot’s notes are not necessarily to be taken at face value; arguably, they are just as much a part of the poem as the poetry itself, and as cryptic. Perhaps, more simply, Tiresias is a dispassionate fragment of Eliot, looking upon both the state of the western world as well as his own life and personal struggles, presenting them in the way which they appear in his mind: fragmented. Indeed Tiresias seems to represent the internalised understanding of the speaker, which Eliot is fundamentally attempting to seek out. Each man, arguably, is his own prophet, and seemingly ‘the waste land’ is a state of mind, the essence of which is conveyed to the reader by the destabilising and disorientating mixture of allusions, images and voices. It is through the prophetic omniscience of Tiresias that this is communicated; thus he is the figure at the heart of the poem, at once bridging the gap between male and female characters, as well as connecting the present state of ‘the waste land’ to the future, foreseeable resolution and recovery. Whether he is viewed as the mythological prophet, the metaphorical voice of Eliot, or the embodiment of every character in the poem, it is evident that the text would seem disunited, and purposeless, without his presence.

5 Environmental Consequences of Oil Spills

Oil spills caused by damaged tankers, pipelines, or offshore oil rigs often result in immediate and long-term environmental damage that can last for decades. These are among the most notable areas of environmental damage caused by spills: Beaches, Marshlands, and Fragile Aquatic Ecosystems David McNew  / Stringer  / Getty Images Oil spills coat everything they touch and become unwelcome but long-term parts of every ecosystem they enter. When an oil slick from a large spill reaches a beach, oil coats and clings to every rock and grain of sand. If the oil washes into coastal marshes, mangrove forests, or other wetlands, fibrous plants and grasses absorb oil, which can damage plants and make the area unsuitable as wildlife habitat. When oil eventually stops floating on the waters surface and begins to sink into the marine environment, it can have similar damaging effects on fragile underwater ecosystems, killing or contaminating fish and smaller organisms that are essential links in the global food chain. Despite massive clean-up efforts following the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill, for example, a 2007 study conducted by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) found that 26,000 gallons of oil were still trapped in the sand along the Alaska shoreline. Scientists conducting the study determined that residual oil was declining at less than 4 percent annually. Birds Stockbyte​  / Getty Images   Oil-covered birds are a universal symbol of environmental damage wreaked by oil spills. Some species of shore birds might escape by relocating if they sense danger in time, but sea birds that swim and dive for their food are most likely to be covered in oil following a spill. Oil spills also damage nesting grounds, potentially causing serious long-term effects on entire species. The 2010 BP Deepwater Horizon offshore oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, for example, occurred during prime mating and nesting season for many bird and marine species, and long-term environmental consequences of that spill wont be known for years. Oil spills can disrupt migratory patterns by contaminating areas where migrating birds normally stop. Even a small amount of oil can be deadly to a bird. By coating feathers, oil not only makes flying impossible but also destroys birds natural waterproofing and insulation, leaving them vulnerable to hypothermia or overheating. As birds frantically preen their feathers to restore their natural protections, they often swallow oil, which can severely damage their internal organs and lead to death. The Exxon Valdez oil spill killed from 250,000 to 500,000 seabirds, plus shore birds and bald eagles. Marine Mammals Handout  / Getty Images Oil spills frequently kill marine mammals such as whales, dolphins, seals, and sea otters. Oil can clog blowholes of whales and dolphins, making it impossible for them to breathe properly and disrupting their ability to communicate. Oil coats fur of otters and seals, leaving them vulnerable to hypothermia. Even when marine mammals escape the immediate effects, an oil spill can contaminate their food supply. Marine mammals that eat fish or other food exposed to an oil spill may be poisoned by oil and die or experience other problems. The Exxon Valdez oil spill killed thousands of sea otters, hundreds of harbor seals, roughly two dozen killer whales, and a dozen or more river otters. In the years after the Exxon Valdez spill, scientists noted higher death rates among sea otters and other species affected by the spill and stunted growth or other damage among additional species. Fish Vstock LLC  / Getty Images   Oil spills often take a deadly toll on fish, shellfish, and other marine life, particularly if many fish eggs or larvae are exposed to oil. Shrimp and oyster fisheries along the Louisiana coast were among early casualties of the BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Similarly, the Exxon Valdez spill destroyed billions of salmon and herring eggs. Years later those fisheries had not recovered. Wildlife Habitat and Breeding Grounds Julie Dermansky  / Contributor  / Getty Images Long-term damage to species and their habitats and nesting or breeding grounds is one of the most far-reaching environmental effects caused by oil spills. Even species that spend most of their lives at sea, such as various species of sea turtles, must come ashore to nest. Sea turtles can be harmed by oil they encounter in the water or on the beach where they lay their eggs, their eggs can be damaged by oil and fail to develop properly, and newly hatched turtles may be oiled as they scurry toward the ocean across an oily beach. Ultimately, the severity of environmental damage caused by an oil spill depends on many factors, including the amount of oil spilled, type and weight of oil, location of the spill, species of wildlife in the area, timing of breeding cycles and seasonal migrations, and even the weather at sea during and after the oil spill.